全文获取类型
收费全文 | 11728篇 |
免费 | 2188篇 |
国内免费 | 1410篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 8101篇 |
晶体学 | 163篇 |
力学 | 821篇 |
综合类 | 118篇 |
数学 | 1274篇 |
物理学 | 4849篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 7篇 |
2023年 | 286篇 |
2022年 | 321篇 |
2021年 | 479篇 |
2020年 | 504篇 |
2019年 | 513篇 |
2018年 | 423篇 |
2017年 | 389篇 |
2016年 | 620篇 |
2015年 | 574篇 |
2014年 | 691篇 |
2013年 | 831篇 |
2012年 | 1075篇 |
2011年 | 1058篇 |
2010年 | 827篇 |
2009年 | 758篇 |
2008年 | 737篇 |
2007年 | 650篇 |
2006年 | 672篇 |
2005年 | 585篇 |
2004年 | 384篇 |
2003年 | 313篇 |
2002年 | 315篇 |
2001年 | 233篇 |
2000年 | 218篇 |
1999年 | 231篇 |
1998年 | 186篇 |
1997年 | 210篇 |
1996年 | 186篇 |
1995年 | 168篇 |
1994年 | 142篇 |
1993年 | 110篇 |
1992年 | 91篇 |
1991年 | 82篇 |
1990年 | 81篇 |
1989年 | 73篇 |
1988年 | 61篇 |
1987年 | 33篇 |
1986年 | 46篇 |
1985年 | 34篇 |
1984年 | 20篇 |
1983年 | 15篇 |
1982年 | 15篇 |
1981年 | 7篇 |
1980年 | 9篇 |
1975年 | 7篇 |
1973年 | 4篇 |
1972年 | 7篇 |
1965年 | 6篇 |
1964年 | 5篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
941.
Chang‐Ying Yang Zhong‐Xu Dai Xin Li Fan‐Chong Rong 《Surface and interface analysis : SIA》2009,41(5):366-370
The gold electrode was modified by noisomes, prepared by sonicating the mixed solution of PEG 6000/Tween 80/Span 80/H2O. Electrochemical cyclic voltammetry (CV) and impedance spectroscopy (EIS) were performed for characterizing the modification. The construction of multilayer films of octadecanethiol (ODT)‐niosomes had almost no pinholes, which elicited that niosomes‐coated electrode through ODT assembly was more effective immobilization compared to direct modification method. A large semicircle formation in the entire range of frequency indicated the complete electron‐transfer control for the redox reaction, implying a perfect blocking behavior. The Nyquist plot was consisting of two depressed semicircles after storage for 36 h in air, which implied a progressive and uniform construction manner, as expected for porous coatings. The modified electrode was used to investigate the interaction between 1‐anilino‐8‐naphthalene‐sulfonate (ANS) and noisomes. It was found that the low‐frequency semicircular arcs increase in diameter, indicating that the increase in the resistance Rp attributed mainly to the niosomes/solution interface. It was due to the binding of ANS to the niosomes‐modified electrode surface, exhibited against diffusing species through the pores. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
942.
The first phytochemical investigation on stems of Mitrephora thorelii led to the isolation of three new lignanamides, thoreliamides A–C ( 1 – 3 ), and a new sesquiterpenoid, thorelinin ( 4 ), together with ten known compounds. The structures of the new compounds were established on the basis of extensive spectroscopic analyses. Thoreliamide C is the first trimer derived from cinnamic acid amide units. 相似文献
943.
采用热重-差式扫描量热法(TG—DSC)分析了不同酸度的盐酸-水合氯化铈饱和溶液中生成的CeCl3·nH2O晶体在空气氛围热分解脱水的过程,热分析表明酸度对CeCl3·nH2O晶体结晶形式有影响,氯化铈饱和溶液在盐酸中生成的CeCl3·nH2O晶体较商品CeCl3·nH2O晶体的热分解多一个恒温脱水失重的过程.X射线粉末衍射(XRD)结果表明此商品CeCl3·nH2O晶体为CeCl3·7H2O,盐酸-水合氯化铈饱和溶液中生成的CeCl3·nH2O晶体为含有不同个数结晶水的混合物. 相似文献
944.
John David Norris James David Joseph Andrea Barreto Sherk Dalia Juzumiene Philip Stewart Turnbull Stephen William Rafferty Huaxia Cui Erin Anderson Daju Fan Delita Arnelle Dye Xiang Deng Dmitri Kazmin Ching-Yi Chang Timothy Mark Willson Donald Patrick McDonnell 《Chemistry & biology》2009,16(4):452-460
945.
Propagation of a few-cycle laser pulses in a dense V-type three-level atomic medium is investigated based on full-wave Maxwell-Bloch equations by taking the near dipole-dipole (NDD) interaction into account. We find that the ratio, γ, of the transition dipole moments has strong influence on the time evolution and split of the pulse: when γ≤ 1, the NDD interaction delays propagation and split of the pulse, and this phenomenon is more obvious when the value of γ is smaller; when γ = 2, the NDD interaction accelerates propagation and split of the pulse. 相似文献
946.
947.
X.Q. Meng D.Z. Shen J.Y. Zhang Y.M. Lu Z.Z. Zhang X.W. Fan 《Solid State Communications》2005,135(3):179-182
High quality vertical-aligned ZnO nanorod arrays were synthesized by a simple vapor transport process on Si (111) substrate at a low temperature of 520 °C. Field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) showed the nanorods have a uniform length of about 1 μm with diameters of 40-120 nm. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirmed that the nanorods are c-axis orientated. Selected area electron diffraction (SAED) analysis demonstrated the individual nanorod is single crystal. Photoluminescence (PL) measurements were adopted to analyze the optical properties of the nanorods both a strong UV emission and a weak deep-level emission were observed. The optical properties of the samples were also tested after annealing in oxygen atmosphere under different temperatures, deep-level related emission was found disappeared at 600 °C. The dependence of the optical properties on the annealing temperatures was also discussed. 相似文献
948.
ZnSe单晶薄膜的MOCVD法生长 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
本文研究了常压MOCVD法制备宽禁带材料ZnSe的生长机制。通过经验公式和烟雾实验,从理论上和实验上分析了反应室的气流状态。观测了滞流层厚度及生长速率与位置、气流速度及衬底温度的关系。实现了反应器设计最优化,在热壁、常压、DEZ源的系统中也生长出高质量的ZnSe单晶外延层。 相似文献
949.
Taotao Hao Yongsheng Yang Wenting Liang Chunying Fan Xin Wang Wanhua Wu Xiaochuan Chen Haiyan Fu Hua Chen Cheng Yang 《Chemical science》2021,12(7):2614
Stilbene derivatives have long been known to undergo “acid-catalyzed” Z → E isomerization, where a strong mineral acid at high concentration is practically necessary. Such severe reaction conditions often cause undesired by-reactions and limit their potential application. Herein, we present a trace mild acid-catalyzed Z → E isomerization found with stilbene derivatives fused with a norbornene moiety. By-reactions, such as the migration of the C C double bond and electrophilic addition reactions, were completely inhibited because of the ring strain caused by the fused norbornene component. Direct photolysis of the E isomers at selected wavelengths led to the E → Z photoisomerization of these stilbene derivatives and thus constituted a unique class of molecular switches orthogonally controllable by light and acid. The catalytic amount of acid could be readily removed, and the Z → E isomerization could be controlled by turning on/off the irradiation of a photoacid, which allowed repeated isomerization in a non-invasive manner. Moreover, the Z isomer produced by photoisomerization could spontaneously self-recover to the E isomer in the presence of a catalytic amount of acid. The kinetics of Z → E isomerization were adjustable by manipulating catalytic factors and, therefore, unprecedented molecular photoswitches with adjustable self-recovery were realized.Quantitative Z → E isomerization was catalyzed by trace mild acids to offer molecular switches orthogonally controllable by acid and light. 相似文献
950.
Fan Zhang Li Zhou Yuanqin Xiong Weijian Xu 《Journal of Polymer Science.Polymer Physics》2008,46(20):2201-2211
The crystallization kinetics of the high‐flow nylon 6 containing polyamidoamine (PAMAM) dendrimers units in nylon 6 matrix was investigated by differential scanning calorimetry. The Ozawa and Mo equations were used to describe the crystallization kinetics under nonisothermal condition. The values of Avrami exponent m and the cooling crystallization function F(T) were determined from the Ozawa plots, which showed bad linearity, and were divided into three sections depending on different cooling rates. The plots of the m and log F(T) values versus crystallization temperatures were obtained, which indicated that the actual crystallization mechanisms might change with the crystallization temperatures. The high‐flow nylon 6 has higher values of m and log F(T) than those of pure nylon 6, which implied that the high‐flow nylon 6 had more complicated crystallization mechanisms and slower crystallization rate than those of pure nylon 6. The good linearity of the Mo plots verified the success of this combined approach. The activation energies of the high‐flow nylon 6 ranged from 157 to 174 kJ/mol, which were determined by the Kissinger method. The ΔE values were lower than those of pure nylon 6, and the ΔE values were affected by both the generation and the content of PAMAM units in the nylon 6 matrix. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 46: 2201–2211, 2008 相似文献